The group was initially said to have been led by Bosco "Terminator" Ntaganda, who is wanted by the International Criminal Court (ICC) on war crimes charges.

The war caused a loss of 1.61% of Congo's forests, which a biodoversity hot spot. VideoJacob Blake: Trump visits Kenosha to back police after shootingEd Markey defeats Joseph Kennedy III in Massachusetts primaryCambodia genocide: Khmer Rouge prison chief Comrade Duch diesThe nudists spreading coronavirus in a French resortLive video dating: Finding love online with an audienceWildlife Photographer of the Year: How many crocodiles can you see?Charlie Hebdo: Fourteen suspects to face trial over Paris massacre Human Rights Reports state that this was due to the fact that rebel groups, often far away from their bases of supply and desperate for food, enslaved the Pygmies on captured farms to grow provisions for their militias or when times get really tough simply slaughter them like animals and devour their flesh which some believe gives them magical powers. Many members of the RCD either gave up fighting or decided to join Kabila's government. "Gold, Diamonds and Blood: International State-corporate Crime in the Democratic Republic of the Congo." This vast country has hardly any roads or railways, while the health and education systems lie in ruins.Instead the natural riches have attracted rapacious adventurers, unscrupulous corporations, vicious warlords and corrupt governments, and divided the population between competing ethnic groups.In the early 20th Century, Belgian forces arrived and enslaved millions, while King Leopold ruled the country as his personal fiefdom.During a painful independence struggle in the 1960s, the vast country almost disintegrated as regions fought each other.But Joseph Mobutu seized power in 1965 and set about crushing internal rebellions and unifying the nation - eventually changing its name to Zaire.However, Mobutu was soon seduced by wealth and once he controlled most of the country and achieved a level of stability and prosperity, he began using the country's riches for one thing - to ensure he remained in power.As his rule went on, his plunder continued and the country gradually slipped out of his control.The 1994 genocide in neighbouring Rwanda hastened his downfall and helped plunge DR Congo into the deadliest conflict in African history.After Rwanda's genocidal Hutu regime was overthrown, more than two million Hutus are thought to have fled into DR Congo fearing reprisals against them by the new, Tutsi-dominated government.Among them were many of the militiamen responsible for the genocide.They quickly allied themselves with Mobutu's government and began to attack DR Congo's sizeable population of ethnic Tutsis, who had lived in the country for generations.Rwanda's Tutsi government started to back rival militias, fighting both the Hutu militias and Congolese government troops.The Tutsi militias, allied to other local groups backed by Uganda, eventually marched on Kinshasa and overthrew Mobutu's government.They installed Laurent Kabila as president and he once again renamed the country - from Zaire to DR Congo.But Mr Kabila failed to expel the Hutu militia and tiny Rwanda, which had put him in power, soon sent a new force to oust him.Mr Kabila then called in help from Zimbabwe, Namibia and Angola, and for the next five years all six countries, and others, fought a proxy war on Congolese land.All sides were accused of using the cover of the war to loot the country's riches.More than five million people died in the war and its aftermath - mostly from starvation or disease.Although the war was declared over in 2003, the east of the country continues to be unstable.Most of the country has now found peace and the central government has slowly reasserted control.The country even started to live up to its name by having the first democratic elections in more than four decades, which saw the late Laurent Kabila's son, Joseph, elected as president.But a proxy war between Rwanda and the Kinshasa government continued in the east until the end of 2008.Notorious Tutsi warlord Gen Laurent Nkunda - who most analysts believe was backed by Rwanda - waged a campaign to destroy Hutu rebels from the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR).A sea-change in the conflict came about in late 2008 when Rwanda and DR Congo joined forces to combat the FDLR in the provinces of North and South Kivu.As part of the deal, Gen Nkunda was taken out of the country and put under house arrest in Rwanda - where he remains.But the bitter conflict has continued unabated and Congolese government troops, backed by thousands of UN peacekeepers, have failed to defeat the FDLR rebels.Reports of mass rapes, killings and other atrocities committed by rebels and government troops continue.The deal between DR Congo and Rwanda has also collapsed, with a new rebel group, the M23, largely made up of former Nkunda loyalists, becoming increasingly active in eastern DR Congo in 2012.The DR Congo government has repeatedly accused Rwanda of backing the M23.

The rebels took The ADFLC made consistent progress in its advance from the east throughout April 1997, and by May its troops had reached the outskirts of When Kabila gained control of the capital in May 1997, he faced substantial obstacles to governing the country, which he renamed the Tensions reached new heights on 14 July 1998, when Kabila dismissed his Rwandan chief of staff Two weeks later, Kabila chose to abandon his previous decision. Some belligerents maintained administrative and military On 30 July 2006 the first elections were held in the DRC after the populace approved a new constitution.The war caused substantial environmental damage.

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